Underground pipes can accumulate crud or debris for several reasons:
- Sedimentation: Over time, minerals and sediments in the water supply can settle and accumulate on the inner walls of the pipes. This sedimentation can restrict the flow and reduce the pipe’s capacity.
- Corrosion: Pipes made of certain materials, such as cast iron or galvanized steel, can corrode over time due to the chemical reactions with water and soil. Corrosion can lead to the formation of rust and other deposits that build up inside the pipe.
- Tree root intrusion: Tree roots are naturally drawn to sources of water, and they can penetrate small openings or cracks in underground pipes in search of moisture. As the roots grow, they can create blockages and cause pipe damage.
- Foreign objects: Sometimes, foreign objects like debris, dirt, or construction materials can accidentally enter the underground pipes during installation or maintenance work. These objects can accumulate and obstruct the flow.
Pipe bursting is a trenchless method used for replacing or rehabilitating underground pipes. It involves the following steps:
- Access points: Two access points are created, typically through small pits or excavations at each end of the section of pipe that needs replacement.
- Bursting head: A specialized bursting head is inserted into the old pipe through one of the access points. The bursting head consists of a conical or cylindrical device with a cutting or splitting mechanism.
- Hydraulic power: A hydraulic system is used to apply force to the bursting head. As the head moves through the old pipe, it fractures and displaces the existing pipe material.
- New pipe installation: Simultaneously, a new pipe of the desired material, such as high-density polyethylene (HDPE), is pulled into place behind the bursting head. The bursting head fragments the old pipe while creating a path for the new pipe.
Pipe bursting offers several benefits:
- Minimal excavation: Unlike traditional open-cut methods that require extensive excavation, pipe bursting minimizes the need for digging trenches. This reduces the disruption to the surrounding area, such as roads, landscapes, or structures.
- Faster installation: Pipe bursting allows for quicker pipe replacement compared to traditional methods. Since the new pipe is installed while the old pipe is being replaced, it saves time and minimizes the duration of service disruptions.
- Improved pipe capacity: By replacing the old pipe with a new one, pipe bursting increases the flow capacity and efficiency of the pipeline. The new pipe is typically smoother, has a larger diameter, and is less prone to accumulation of crud and deposits.
- Longer lifespan: The new pipe installed during pipe bursting is often made of more durable and corrosion-resistant materials, which can significantly extend the lifespan of the pipeline.
Overall, pipe bursting is an efficient and cost-effective method for rehabilitating or replacing underground pipes while minimizing disruption and improving the overall performance of the pipeline system.
